On March 5, 2010, Feeley agreed to a two-year contract with the St. Louis Rams. Although he was in competition for the starting job, #1 pick Sam Bradford won the starting job in the preseason. During the 2011 regular season, Feeley replaced an injured Bradford for three games and he led the Rams to a stunning upset of the New Orleans Saints on October 30. It was the first win of the season for St. Louis which entered the game with a 0-6 record.
In 2010, Feeley married U.S. women's international soccer player Heather Mitts in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. They currently reside in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. On January 30, 2014, the couple gave birth to a baby boy, Connor William Feeley, and a daughter, Blake Harper, followed in spring 2016. Their third child, a son, was born in 2018.